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Not much of a dictionary, I'm afraid, but I do
hope this will help you with the most common Norwegian
words and abbreviations
found in different old sources. Make a printout if you like.
If
you miss any words here, please notify me
and I will add them to the list below.
Due to the union we
had with Denmark (1380-1814), most of the Norwegian words
are very Danish-like. The spelling has
changed through the years though.
Email: Gamle Gjerpen by Gard Strøm.
| Norwegian (Danish) | English |
| aar | years, - or year |
| af (modern: av) | by |
| alder | age |
| apotheker | pharmacist |
| arb. (arbeider) | laborer |
| arbeidsmænd | laborers |
| barn over 12 aar | children (child) past 12 years old |
| barnedaab (modern: barnedåp) | baptism |
| begge | both |
| begravelse | burial |
| besovet | slept with - having sex with |
| bg. (begravet) | buried |
| bodde i /bodde på (paa) | lived in/lived at |
| bonde | farmer |
| borgermester | mayor |
| broder (modern: bror) | brother |
| budeie | milkmaid |
| canselliraad | chancery-council |
| d. (datter) | daughter |
| d. (død) | dead |
| d.a. (datter av ...) | daughter of ... |
| daglonner (lønn=pay) | day-worker |
| dito | same as previous |
| dpt. (døpt) | christened (baptized) |
| død etter.... | dead after |
| død før.... | dead before... |
| døpt (old: døbt) | christened (baptized) |
| e. (enke) | widow |
| e.e. (enke etter) | widow after .... |
| eier | owner |
| ekteskap (old: ægteskab) | marriage |
| em. (enkemand) | widower |
| emg. (emigrerte) | emigrated (to America) |
| enke | widow |
| enkemann | widower |
| E-post | |
| f. (født) | born |
| F.f. (Faddere for …) | godparents for … |
| farver-mester | dyer-master |
| fattig | poor |
| fattiglem | poor or old person getting support or help |
| fattigunderstøttelse | poor - support from the community |
| fepike | cowgirl |
| fjøsarb. (fjøs-arbeide) | cowshed-work |
| fjøsstell | cowshed-work |
| flaademand | log driver |
| Folketelling | Census |
| Forkortelser | Abbrevations |
| forlover(e) | best man (men)-witnesses at an engagement. |
| forlovet | engaged |
| forpakter (old: forpagter) | renting the farm (same as "leilending") |
| fra | from |
| fragtemand | transporter (delivering goods) |
| g. (gift) | married |
| g.br. | farmer (farm-user) |
| g1g (gift 1. gang) | married 1st time (with…) |
| Gjerpen Menighet | Gjerpen Church |
| gaardsarb. (gaardsarbeide) | farm work |
| gaardsgutt (gaards-dreng) | farm hand |
| gaardsstell | farm work |
| gaardbruker (old: gaardbruger) | farmer (farm-user) |
| g.m. (gaardmand) | farmer (farm man) |
| Gravstøtter | Tombstones |
| grosserer | wholesale merchant |
| Gj. | Gjerpen |
| h. (hud/huder) - buckskins | value of farm (old tax measure) |
| hf.'s mor (husfaders mor) | mother of the house father |
| hjulmager | wheelwright (wheeler) |
| hjulmagersvend | wheelwright's mate |
| hus (huus) | house |
| huseier | house owner |
| husholderske | housekeeper |
| husjomfru | housekeeper ("house virgin") |
| husmann (huusmand) | "Houseman", cotter, crofter |
| husmannsplass | cotters farm |
| hustru | wife |
| høker | huckster |
| i | in |
| ikke | not |
| inderst | innermost (renting a room) |
| jernværk | ironworks |
| jfru (abbr. jomfru) | virgin |
| jomfru | virgin |
| jordbr. (jordbruk) | farm |
| justiceraad | justice-council |
| kanselliraad | chancery-council |
| kirke | church |
| Kirkebok/Kirkebøker | Parish record/Parish records |
| kirkesanger | church singer |
| kjøkkenpike | kitchen maid |
| kokkepike | kitchen maid |
| kone | wife |
| konfirmasjon | confirmation |
| kontorbetj. (kontorbetjent) | clerk |
| kontorchef | office manager/head clerk |
| kjøbmand (modern: kjøpmann) | storekeeper |
| landhandler | village shopkeeper |
| leil. leilending (leilaending) | a farm leaser |
| lehnsmand/lendsmand | sheriff/police sergeant |
| legdslem/lægdslem | pauper |
| logerende | lodger |
| losjerende (newer spelling) | lodger |
| lændsmand | sheriff/police sergeant |
| lærer | teacher |
| maler | (house) painter |
| mand (modern: mann) | man |
| matros | able seaman |
| menighed (modern: menighet) | congregation |
| moder (modern: mor) | mother |
| møller | miller |
| n. (navnet) | named |
| nedenfor | below |
| nevnt | mentioned |
| nygift | newly married |
| Nytt | News/New |
| og | and |
| oberkrigskommisær | (over) war commissioner |
| oldermand | master of a guild |
| ovenfor | above |
| p. = pund | pound (weight - old measure) |
| Pekere | Links |
| pige | girl (also: unmarried woman) |
| s.a. (sønn av ....) | son of .... |
| s.eier = selveier | owner |
| saugmester (modern: sagmester) | saw miller |
| se | look |
| selveier | owner |
| sk. = skind (1h = 12sk) | calf skin (old tax measure for tax-value of farm). |
| Sk. | Skien (The closest town to Gjerpen) |
| skipper-borger | skipper-citizen |
| skibsdriver | ship part-owner |
| skibsfører | shipmaster |
| skibstømmermand | ship's carpenter |
| skole | school |
| skolelærer | teacher |
| skomager | shoemaker |
| skomager for egen regning | shoemaker, selfemploid |
| skredder | tailor |
| skreddersvend | tailors mate |
| smed | blacksmith |
| smedmester | blacksmith-master |
| snedker (modern: snekker) | joiner |
| sogn | parish |
| sognepræst til Skien. | pastor in Skien |
| soldat | soldier |
| sorenskriver | district stipendiary magistrate |
| steddatter | stepdaughter |
| stesønn | stepson |
| stolmager | chair-maker |
| styrmand | third officer (sailor) |
| svend (modern: svenn) | journeyman (craftsman's mate) |
| svigerinde | sister-in-law |
| svigermoder | mother-in-law |
| svigersønn | son-in-law |
| svoger | brother-in-law |
| søefarende | sailor |
| søemand (modern: sjømann) | sailor |
| søster | sister |
| t. (tonner) | barrel of grain(old tax measure) |
| tj.d. tjenestdreng (tiensetedreng) | servant (male) |
| tj.p. tjenestepige (tienestedreng) | servant (female) |
| tolder | publican |
| toldkasserer | publican cashier |
| trol. (trolovet) | engaged |
| trolovet | engaged |
| tømmerfoged | timber-bailiff |
| tømmermand | carpenter |
| u. (under) | under |
| ug. (ugift) | unmarried |
| ugift | unmarried/single |
| uk. (ungkarl) | bachelor |
| vagtmester | caretaker |
| ved | at/ by |
| ved Fossum verk | at Fossum ironworks |
| verfts - tømmermand | shipyard's carpenter |
| vielse | marriage |
| ægteskab | marriage (old) |
| ekteskap | marriage (modern) |